A damning report released today by the public accounts committee has slammed the government’s academisation agenda, claiming that it not only sacrificed due diligence in the rush to convert large numbers of schools, but also failed to respond effectively to serious failures in the system.
Here are the MPs’ key findings and recommendations:
1. Due diligence must be improved
Finding: The Department for Education (DfE) has failed to carry out “rigorous due diligence checks and risk assessment” on schools before they convert to academies, resulting in a “succession of high-profile academy failures” that have been “costly to the taxpayer and damaging to children’s education”.
While the DfE has recently strengthened its scrutiny of the financial health of prospective academies, “there is still more to be done”.
Recommendation: The DfE should review academy trust failures to identify lessons learned. The PAC expects the DfE to submit a letter by October 2018 setting out the main reasons for the failures and the department’s proposals to strengthen scrutiny of prospective academies and sponsors, “to ensure that risks are being well managed before and after conversion”.
It must also improve transparency for parents, ensuring that they have access to information and are “built into the accountability system”.
2. More support is needed for SNOWs
Finding: Some schools that are required to or wish to become academies find it difficult to attract potential sponsors or find multi-academy trusts to join. Because academy trust boards have a legal responsibility to keep their trusts solvent, many are unwilling to take on schools that could be a financial or administrative burden.
Recommendation: The PAC requires the DfE to set out a plan by October 2018 detailing how it will support schools that cannot secure a sponsor or join a trust, including small, geographically isolated rural schools.
3. Academy conversion is drawing funds away from LA-maintained schools
Finding: Local authorities (LAs) can incur significant costs when schools become academies, which affects their capacity to support their remaining maintained schools. A survey by the Local Government Association suggested that the average cost to LAs, in terms of staff time and spending on items such as legal fees, has been between £6,400 and £8,400 for each maintained school that becomes an academy. The National Audit Office estimated that the total cost to LAs was approximately £7.8 million in 2016-17, leading them to focus resources on the weakest LA-maintained schools and leave good schools with little support.
Recommendation: The DfE should develop an up-to-date understanding of the costs that LAs incur as part of converting schools to academies, and the extent to which these are accurately reflected in the fees charged to schools. It should then assess whether it needs to be contributing to these costs.
4. Academisation obstructs LAs’ ability to plan out school places
Finding: In some areas so many schools have become academies that LAs struggle to fulfil their statutory responsibilities, such as the duty to provide school places. In Bromley, for example, 93 per cent of schools are academies, and across the country over a third of LAs have fewer than 50 maintained schools. LAs have no control over the number of places in academy schools, which can make it hard for them to find appropriate places for looked-after children in particular.
Recommendation: The department should require all academy trusts, as part of their funding agreements, to work with LAs on school place planning and school admissions, including for vulnerable children. The PAC also wants the DfE to outline how this will be monitored.
5. Government oversight of schools must be streamlined
Finding: The PAC report concluded that the DfE’s current arrangements for oversight of schools are “fragmented and incoherent”, which has led to “inefficiency” and “confusion”. It said that the large number of “disparate people and organisations” involved in supporting schools’ conversion to academies and overseeing their subsequent performance was “burdensome” for schools and left school leaders feeling “accountable to multiple masters”. The government’s “fragmented systems for sharing information” have also increased the risk of “duplication of effort, error or omission”.
Recommendation: The PAC asked the DfE to explain how the Education and Skills Funding Agency and regional schools commissioners will work together more effectively, as part of its consultation on school accountability in autumn this year. The proposals should identify and address unnecessary burdens on schools and ensure that oversight of schools is made “more coordinated and effective”.
‘SNOWs’?
Schools No-One Wants
Mark – it appears SNOWS are becoming a drift. 67 schools in the sponsored academy pipeline are still without a sponsor after a year. Twelve have been waiting for a sponsor since April 2016. http://www.localschoolsnetwork.org.uk/2018/07/67-schools-in-academy-pipeline-without-a-sponsor-for-a-year-or-more
And spare a thought for Hanson School. When I first wrote about it in 2015, it had been in conversion limbo for four years. http://www.localschoolsnetwork.org.uk/2015/06/school-in-conversion-limbo-for-four-years-now-judged-inadequate
It’s been shunted from proposed sponsor to proposed sponsor. And it’s still not been accepted. The latest Ofsted (RI Jan 2018) said:
‘For the last seven years, unresolved legal and financial issues have prevented the school from becoming an academy.’
Hanson is receiving ‘valuable’ support from Gorse Academies Trust but that’s only temporary. Inspectors wrote:
‘…temporary support from different academy trusts and numerous changes of headteacher have prevented long-term strategic planning, limiting the effectiveness of leadership and management and contributing to a slow pace of school improvement.’
Inspectors also said, ‘It is uncertain when Hanson School will become an’academy or whether it will remain a maintained school.’
Perhaps it would be better if Hanson remained an LA school. This would create certainty at the same time as putting the responsibility for the financial difficulties back with the LA as these developed under the LA’s watch.
I think you raise a really good point. I don’t know the background to Hanson School, but is the reason that it has been in limbo so long that despite academy trusts wanting to take it on from an educational standpoint, there is some sort of giant millstone (a massive deficit, asbestos, buildings not fit-for-purpose etc.) which means they just can’t do so?
Unlike a local authority an academy trust must operate within its means. It cannot borrow money and cannot go into debt. If Hanson School needs £2 million spending on it to make it legally compliant then this would need to come from the surplus/income of the other schools within the academy trust and even if this were theoretically possible you can understand why the schools wouldn’t agree to do it.
You say that if the financial difficulties developed under the LA’s watch then they should be responsible for them, and I agree with you 100% on this.
The problem is that if the LA was so financially irresponsible that it got into this problem in the first place, and I presume there’s a similar story in relation to education standards, why would you have confidence that they’re the ones to turn the school round?
So the SNOWS will also by definition become SWOPS (schools with only poor students)?
And, in these modern times, as a direct result of this government’s so-called ‘policies’, these schools are clearly deemed to be of secondary importance.
Hey! We could call them ‘Secondary Moderns’!
Truly, we reverse into tomorrow. Down the line, our communities will pay the price……
Absolutely not – there is no reason whatsoever why a SNOW automatically be a SWOPS.
One of the most prevalent reasons why a school has become a SNOW is because there is a significant problem with the building infrastructure. It might be asbestos, it might be subsistence, faulty fire alarms, or structural instability. In any event, the school needs a large sum of money spent on it now to bring it up to an acceptable standard.
As Janet refers to above, if this problem has arisen on the LA’s watch then it is responsible for it. If the LA was to spend the necessary money to fix the problem (e.g. remove the asbestos) then the school suddenly stops being a SNOW.